Labels:text | newspaper | letter OCR: owner of the compromised card tnight not notice that the secret keys have been stolen, therefore it is unlikely that the validity of the compromised keys will be revoked before they are abused. Secondly, non-invasive attacks often scale well, as the neces- sary equipment (e.g ., a small DSP board with special software) can usually be reproduced and updated at low cost. The design of most non-invasive attacks requires detailed knowledge of both the processor and soft- ware. On the other hand, invasive microprobing at- tacks require very little initial knowledge and usually work with a similar set of techniques on a wide range of products. Attacks therefore often start with in- vasive reverse engineering, the results of which then Figure 1: Hot fuming nitric acid (> 98% HNO3) help to develop ...
